Result estimators

The Monte Carlo transport simulation is run to obtain statistical estimates for integrals of the form:

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where $f$ is a response function that can be evaluated at an arbitrary position of the phase space, most typically a reaction cross section. These estimates are based on the collection of simulated events (collisions, track-lengths, surface crossings, etc.) that occur during the course of the simulated random walk.

The estimates can be divided into:

1. Analog estimates, based on recorded simulated physical events
2. Implicit estimators, based the expected frequency of events

Implicit estimators are derived from analog estimators, with the purpose of obtaining better statistics.